WHAT THE WORD “POEM” MEANS.

“Success” done up in style in The Inland Printer.

Where did the popular poster phrase “Live, Laugh, Love” come from? You can look it up on the all-knowing Internet and instantly find the answer: it came from a poem called “Success” written in 1904 by Bessie Anderson Stanley. Wikipedia:

The phrase is an abridged form of the 1904 poem “Success” by Bessie Anderson Stanley…

An essay by Jake Rossen in Mental Floss:

There’s the phrase itself, which appears to have grown popular thanks to a poem by Bessie Anderson Stanley.

An article by Brie Dyas in House Beautiful:

The real source of “Live, Laugh, Love” is Bessie Anderson Stanley’s 1904 poem, “Success.”

A “deep dive” by Jessica Barrett in Refinery29:

While it has often been misattributed to Ralph Waldo Emerson, the words were first linked together in a poem called “Success” by Iowan writer Bessie Anderson Stanley in 1904.

And so on. Some of the writers quote the poem:

He [has](1) achieved success who has lived well, laughed often, and loved much; who has enjoyed the trust of pure women, the respect of intelligent men and the love of little children; who has filled his niche and accomplished his task; who has never lacked appreciation of Earth’s beauty or failed to express it; who has left the world better than he found it, whether [by](2) an improved poppy, a perfect poem, or a rescued soul; who has always looked for the best in others and given them the best he had; whose life was an inspiration; whose memory a benediction.

Now, if you, like Dr. Boli, were born in the eighteenth century and came of age in the nineteenth, you might be thinking, “Where’s the poem? This is an essay.” But it seems that, if you were born in the twentieth century and came of age in the twenty-first, this is what “poem” means. It is a prose composition, generally meant to be inspirational or sincere in some obvious way. In other words, what we used to call an essay; perhaps more specifically what we used to call a personal essay. For these writers, a “poem” is any manufactured expression of sincerity, and it is the manufactured sincerity, not the form, that makes a “poem.”

There was a time—way back in April—when Dr. Boli would have been arrogant enough to say that all these writers do not know what the word “poem” means. But he is past that age. There is not a single writer who talks about this essay who does not call it a poem. “Poem,” therefore, means “prose essay,” whether divided into short lines or not, and the old Johnsonian definition “a metrical composition” must be relegated to the scrap heap of archaisms, where it will join several dozen outdated meanings of “nice.”

This does leave us with no word to describe a metrical composition, which might seem unfortunate. But a moment’s thought reconciles us to the loss. No one in the twenty-first century has any need for a word to describe a metrical composition. Like the forgotten technical terms of alchemy, the archaic meaning of “poem” may be allowed to pass from general use and linger only in a long paragraph of etymological explanation in the Oxford English Dictionary.

If you wish to see Mrs. Stanley’s poem in something like its original form, you can look in publications from 1905 in Google Books or the Internet Archive or Hathi Trust. Dr. Boli will leave you the fun of searching for it yourself, but the poem will not be hard to find, although in those unenlightened days it was never described as a “poem.” It was picked up, often but not always attributed to Mrs. Stanley, by just about every magazine and a number of other publications: The Northwest Journal of Education; The Leather Worker’s Journal; The Ladies’ Home Journal; Breeder and Sportsman; The McMaster University Monthly; Hardwood Record; a Biennial Report of the Bureau of Agriculture of Tennessee; an Annual Report of the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture; Transactions of the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina; Motorman, Conductor, and Motor Coach Operator; The Christian Student; The San Francisco and Pacific Druggist; The Free Will Baptist; Pennsylvania Grange News; and yes, though you probably had no need to ask, it was inserted in the Congressional Record. We were not able to find the original publication in the Brown Book, but we did not devote more than three minutes to the search.

“Success” in The Hardwood Record, sharing a page with “The Logical Evolution of the Hardwood Lumber Business.”

Footnotes

Comments

  1. tom says:

    Poetry is what you see when you look up into the heavens, while lying drunk in the gutter.

  2. Belfry Bat says:

    … though we live by strife/We’re always sorry to begin it/For what, we ask, is Life/without a bit of metrical composition in it?

    That rotten poet! Ah, but there’s attribution again, words put by the lyrical sharp into the mouth of a disingenuous character: Schwenk doesn’t quite mean it, even if the Pirate King does… BUT! Though the word “poetry” is sometimes used, as it is called, “poetically” and not just for scansion, it is also clearly understood.

    I beg to differ, that the exemplar essay which seems to have been canonized a “poem” by base acclamation, is more than a mere essay — that is, it’s more than a College Composition, even as it is also less.

    It is a list,
    of proofs unproven,
    so one had wist
    how were behooven
    his life to order.

    Many opinions are put in words, but no arguments, rather the character itself is meant to speak its own goodness. The words chosen are few, and each point is put briefly and polished. And their arrangement is not prosaic but prosodic! “Lived/Laughed/Loved” is the memorable summary for its alliteration and “tic-tac-tock” descending vowels. It’s better writing, even if one may think it sappy or self-congratulating to cite/quote/immitate, than most of what’s on the internet today. It’s a kind of writing that… I’m not sure we ever had a precise word for, and the Good Doctor might well canvas nominations for its proper nomination.

    • Occasional Correspondent says:

      One obvious possibility for a word meaning “prose but with some characteristics of a poem” would be the portmanteau word “proem” — regretfully, that word is already in use (means preface or preamble).  Turning the portmanteau around would give us “pose”, but that one’s already in use too.

  3. That reminds me…I had recently been trying to find an article in this magazine from a few months ago, about what poetry even is, and what the new Generative AI products think poetry is, based on what they output when asked to write a poem. And the answer seemed to be “ordinary prose broken up into shorter lines than usual”. Several Google search attempts failed to find the article in question, perhaps because the AI which Google now uses to power their searches is not as good as the old dim-witted algorithm. I don’t suppose the good Doctor or one of his other readers could help me find the article in question?

  4. Reepicheep says:

    The Irishman Brendan Behan summarized the difference between prose and poetry. He gave a verse:

    There was a young fella named Rollocks
    Who worked for Ferrier Pollocks.
    As he walked on the strand
    With a girl by the hand
    The water came up to his ankle.

    “That,” declared Behan, “is prose. But if the tide had been in it would have been poetry.”

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